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Bible Secrets Revealed, Episode 3: "The Forbidden Scriptures"
Dr. Robert Cargill provides a summary of the third episode of the new History Channel serial
Biblical Archaeology Society Staff Jan 03, 2022 8 Comments 48490 views
The History Channel's new serial Bible Secrets Revealed tackles the mysteries of the Bible over the grade of six weeks. Bible Secrets Revealed airs on Wednesdays at ten pm EST on the History Channel. Live tweet the show at #BibleSecretsRevealed.
Consulting producer Dr. Robert Cargill, who is an archeologist and assistant professor of classics and religious studies at the Academy of Iowa, has responded to Bible Secrets Revealed viewers' questions throughout the series. Read the questions and answers here.
Episode 3, "The Forbidden Scriptures," aired on November 27, 2013.
Click here to learn more about the show and to see a list of other episode summaries.
Summary of Episode 3 by Dr. Robert Cargill
Dr. Robert Cargill, professor and consulting producer
This episode explores many ancient Jewish and Christian documents that didn't make it into the Bible. Scholars refer to these documents as the "Pseudepigrapha" (books written under a false name) and the "Apocrypha" (which came to be understood as the "hidden books"). The episode asks why these books were excluded from the Bible.
"The Forbidden Scriptures" Human action 1: The Biblical Canon
The episode begins by noting that both Judaism at the fourth dimension of Christianity and early Christianity were incredibly diverse. In fact, when it came to "Scripture," different Jewish and Christian groups revered dissimilar books equally authoritative and canonical. We outset explore the concept of canonization, asking how and why certain books fabricated it into, or were banished from, the Bible.
Particular attention was paid to the figure of Enoch and the books attributed to him.
Enoch was an incredibly pop figure in the late 2d Temple period, and nonetheless the books attributed to Enoch were left out of what became most Jewish and Christian canons. Of grade, those responsible for the Dead Body of water Scrolls loved Enoch and the literature associated with the Enochic tradition (like the Volume of Jubilees). But many Christians practice not realize that a part of 1 Enoch actually did make it into the Christian canon. Scholars recognize that verses 14-15 of the approved Epistle of Jude actually quote from 1 Enoch one:9. Nosotros can compare them below:
Jude 14: Enoch, the seventh from Adam, prophesied virtually these men: "Run across, the Lord is coming with thousands upon thousands of his holy ones,
Jude xv: to gauge everyone, and to captive all the ungodly of all the ungodly acts they accept done in the ungodly way, and of all the harsh words ungodly sinners take spoken confronting him."
The passage from which Jude claims that Enoch is quoting is actually a rough translation from the Volume of Enoch:
1 Enoch 1:9: "And behold! He cometh with 10 thousands of his holy ones to execute judgment upon all, and to destroy all the ungodly: And to convict all flesh of all the works of their ungodliness which they have ungodly committed, and of all the hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against him."
And then despite the fact that the Book of Enoch was excluded from the biblical catechism, information technology was so popular in the start century CE, that a role of it was retained in a quote from the Epistle of Jude.
Because the Book of Enoch is and then closely tied to events of approved Book of Genesis half-dozen:1-4, the episode suggests that 1 Enoch exists, in function, every bit an apology for God. In that location seems to have been some ethical questions raised about why an all-knowing God would come up to "regret" (cf. Genesis half dozen:6-7) creating humans and ultimately murder them all (except for Noah and his family unit, of class) with a inundation. It raised questions well-nigh God's omniscience and moral judgment. Thus, some scholars fence that the beginning of the Volume of Enoch was attempting to make God await better past explaining the business relationship of the Great Inundation every bit a ways by which to salve humanity from the unstoppable Giants that were wreaking havoc all over the globe and devouring all of its resources (cf. Jubilees seven:21–25). Thus, rather than agreement the Peachy Flood as a murderous divine penalization of humans, the Book of Enoch seeks to make God expect a little better by suggesting information technology was the only way to save humanity from the evil of the Giants brought about by the divine-mortal intercourse.
"The Forbidden Scriptures" Human action 2: Gnostic Christianity
In Act 2, the show introduces the Gnostics and some of their beliefs. The corpus of texts discovered at Nag Hammadi leads to a word of Gnosticism and Gnostic Christianity and how this belief organisation differed from what would become mainstream Christianity. The Gospel of Thomas is highlighted, and there is a word about how the Gospel of Thomas differs from the canonical gospels. For case, Thomas is a drove of sayings of Jesus, but contains no miracles or narratives about Jesus. These differences, coupled with its Gnostic teachings that would later be deemed heretical, are likely the reason it was excluded from the Christian canon.
Read about how the Nag Hammadi texts discovered in Arab republic of egypt reintroduced the world to Gnostic Christianity in the Bible History Daily article "The Nag Hammadi Codices and Gnostic Christianity."
"The Forbidden Scriptures" Human activity iii: The Effigy of Mary Magdalene
In Human action 3, the documentary examined the person and the Gospel attributed to Mary Magdalene. The evidence examined the Biblical and popular claims made most Mary—including that she was an important disciple (perhaps almost important of the disciples) and that she was married to Jesus. The documentary also suggests that the after attempts to conflate Mary Magdalene with the unnamed "sinful" woman mentioned in Luke 7 were possibly designed to suppress the influence of Mary (and of women in full general), while elevating the male person disciples (the Apostles) to levels of greater importance inside the early church tradition.
The act also discusses the Testimony of Truth and asks why Adam and Eve are prohibited from then punished for pursuing noesis by eating from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.
"The Forbidden Scriptures" Act 4: Did God Have a Wife?
Human action 4 begins with the Life of Adam and Eve, which offers a number of additional details nearly the beginning biblical family not included in the Biblical accounts, similar the origin of illness and decease.
This act too explores the concept that God may have had a wife. Inscriptions from Kuntillet Ajrud speak about Asherah every bit a espoused of God in blessings fabricated by those authoring the inscriptions. We have similar inscribed blessings invoking YHWH and Asherah from Khirbet el-Qom. This is a difficult concept for many because the Bible is very articulate that God is a singular God (equally one would look in a monotheistic or monolatrous faith). Yet considering the prophets were so adamant and repetitious about the fact that idols—including Asherah—were non exist worshipped, it is seen as evidence that she was, in fact, existence worshipped in ancient Israel and Judah and existence invoked in blessings alongside YHWH.
I often use the example of the "NO SKATEBOARDING" signs one might run across in public plazas when explaining this to my classes. If you see ubiquitous "NO SKATEBOARDING" signs all over a public place, it is likely that much skateboarding is, in fact, taking place in that location. (At least enough skateboarding to crave a number of signs to discourage the activity.) The same is true for the worship of Asherah: given the fact that the prophetic texts offer and then many repeated warnings nigh worshipping her, it is likely that she was being worshiped in ancient Israel.
"The Forbidden Scriptures" Human activity 5: The Apocalypse and the Book of Revelations
The final human activity introduces the concept of "apocalypse" and spends a moment discussing the Book of Revelation (aka The Apocalypse of John). Act 5 too highlights a trio of pseudepigraphical texts attributed to the Apostle Peter: The Apocalypse of Peter, the Gospel of Peter (which features a behemothic, resurrected Jesus and a floating, talking cross), and the Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter. It is worth noting that many scholars run across the Apocalypse of Peter as a likely inspiration behind Dante'south Inferno, as it was non only as popular as the ultimately canonical Volume of Revelation, just also describes a hell where each punishment fits the crime.
Source: https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/bible-secrets-revealed-episode-3-the-forbidden-scriptures/
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